通配符识别的java实现

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Java 正则表达式 C C++C#

前两天在网上无意看到一个关于使用java的正则表达式来进行通配符识别判断的实现。(http://blog.csdn.net/subchen/archive/2007/10/25/1843232.aspx)

看了一下，程序其实有蛮多问题的，甚至都无法通过编译以及测试。我将程序改了一下，并稍微优化了一下结构，如下：

    private static final String PATTERN_LINE_START = "^" ;

    private static final String PATTERN_LINE_END = "$" ;

    private static final char[] META_CHARACTERS = { '$', '^', '[', ']', '(', ')',
                                                    '{', '}', '|', '+', '.', '\\' };

    /**
     * match function, support '*' and '?'.
     * The function is based on regex.
     * @param pattern
     * @param str
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean wildcardMatch(String pattern, String str) {
        pattern = convertToRegexPattern(pattern);
        return Pattern.matches(pattern, str);
    }

    private static String convertToRegexPattern(String wildcardString) {
        String result = PATTERN_LINE_START ;
        char[] chars = wildcardString.toCharArray() ;
        for (char ch : chars) {
            if (Arrays.binarySearch(META_CHARACTERS, ch)>=0) {
                result += "\\" + ch ;
                continue ;
            }
            switch (ch) {
                case '*':
                    result += ".*";
                    break;
                case '?':
                    result += ".{0,1}";
                    break;
                default:
                    result += ch;
            }
        }
        result += PATTERN_LINE_END ;
        return result;
    }

后来运行了一下，发现这样的效率并不高，原代码中不支持?，而实际中对于?的通配符匹配，尤其是在java类名，文件名的识别上应用并不多，于是，另外写了个快速的实现，不使用正则表达式。

    public static boolean simpleWildcardMatch(String pattern, String str) {
        return wildcardMatch(pattern, str, "*");
    }

    public static boolean wildcardMatch(String pattern, String str, String wildcard) {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(pattern) || StringUtils.isEmpty(str)) {
            return false;
        }
        final boolean startWith = pattern.startsWith(wildcard);
        final boolean endWith = pattern.endsWith(wildcard);
        String[] array = StringUtils.split(pattern, wildcard);
        int currentIndex = -1;
        int lastIndex = -1 ;
        switch (array.length) {
            case 0:
                return true ;
            case 1:
                currentIndex = str.indexOf(array[0]);
                if (startWith && endWith) {
                    return currentIndex >= 0 ;
                }
                if (startWith) {
                    return currentIndex + array[0].length() == str.length();
                }
                if (endWith) {
                    return currentIndex == 0 ;
                }
                return str.equals(pattern) ;
            default:
                for (String part : array) {
                    currentIndex = str.indexOf(part);
                    if (currentIndex > lastIndex) {
                        lastIndex = currentIndex;
                        continue;
                    }
                    return false;
                }
                return true;
        }
    }

为了验证这两个方法，测试类借用了一部分原文的测试例子：

public class RegexUtilsTest {
    /**
     * test '?' and '*'
     */
    @Test
    public void testWildMatch2() {
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("1234?", "12345"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("1234?", "1234"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("1234?", "123456"));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc*x?yz*", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc*xxx?yz*", "abcxxxyz"));
    }

    @Test
    public void testWildMatch() {
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*", "toto"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("toto.java", "tutu.java"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("12345", "1234"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*f", ""));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("***", "toto"));

        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*.java", "toto."));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*.java", "toto.jav"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*.java", "toto.java"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc*", ""));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("a*c", "abbbbbccccc"));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc*xyz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*xyz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc**xyz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc**x", "abcxxx"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*a*b*c**x", "aaabcxxx"));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc*x*yz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*z*", "aabbccxxxeeyffz"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*zze", "aabbccxxxeeyffz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*z", "aabbccxxxeeyffz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*ze", "aabbccxxxeeyfze"));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*LogServerInterface*.java", "_LogServerInterfaceImpl.java"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*Log*Impl.java", "_LogServerInterfaceImpl.java"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("abc*xyz", "abcxyxyz"));

        String str = this.getClass().getName() ;
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("com.oocllogistics.comp.*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch(RegexUtilsTest.class.getName(), str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*com.oocllogistics.comp.util.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*.comp.*", str));

        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("comp.*", str));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*.RegexUtils", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("com.*.comp.*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("com.*.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("com.*.RegexUtilsTest*", str));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*com.*.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*com.*.*UtilsTest*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("*com**UtilsTest*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("**com**Utils**", str));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.wildcardMatch("com.", str));
    }

    @Test
    public void tesstSimpleWildcardMatch() {
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*", "toto"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("toto.java", "tutu.java"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("12345", "1234"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*f", ""));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("***", "toto"));

        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*.java", "toto."));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*.java", "toto.jav"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*.java", "toto.java"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("abc*", ""));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("a*c", "abbbbbccccc"));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("abc*xyz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*xyz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("abc**xyz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("abc**x", "abcxxx"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*a*b*c**x", "aaabcxxx"));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("abc*x*yz", "abcxxxyz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*z*", "aabbccxxxeeyffz"));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*zze", "aabbccxxxeeyffz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*z", "aabbccxxxeeyffz"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("a*b*c*x*yf*ze", "aabbccxxxeeyfze"));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*LogServerInterface*.java", "_LogServerInterfaceImpl.java"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*Log*Impl.java", "_LogServerInterfaceImpl.java"));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("abc*xyz", "abcxyxyz"));

        String str = this.getClass().getName() ;
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("com.oocllogistics.comp.*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch(RegexUtilsTest.class.getName(), str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*com.oocllogistics.comp.util.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*.comp.*", str));

        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("comp.*", str));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*.RegexUtils", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("com.*.comp.*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("com.*.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("com.*.RegexUtilsTest*", str));

        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*com.*.RegexUtilsTest", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*com.*.*UtilsTest*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("*com**UtilsTest*", str));
        assertTrue(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("**com**Utils**", str));
        assertFalse(RegexUtils.simpleWildcardMatch("com.", str));
    }

    public void performanceTestWildcardMatch() {
        int loop = 1000 ;
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
            testWildMatch();
        }
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("Loop[1000] cost : " + (end - start) / 1000d + " seconds");

        loop = 5000 ;
        start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
            testWildMatch();
        }
        end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("Loop[5000] cost : " + (end - start) / 1000d + " seconds");

        loop = 10000 ;
        start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
            testWildMatch();
        }
        end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("Loop[10000] cost : " + (end - start) / 1000d + " seconds");
    }

    public void performanceTestSimpleWildcardMatch() {
        int loop = 1000 ;
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
            tesstSimpleWildcardMatch();
        }
        long end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        // log.info("cost : "+(end - start)/1000d + " seconds");
        System.out.println("Loop[1000] cost : " + (end - start) / 1000d + " seconds");

        loop = 5000 ;
        start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
            tesstSimpleWildcardMatch();
        }
        end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("Loop[5000] cost : " + (end - start) / 1000d + " seconds");

        loop = 10000 ;
        start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        for (int i = 0; i < loop; i++) {
            tesstSimpleWildcardMatch();
        }
        end = System.currentTimeMillis();
        System.out.println("Loop[10000] cost : " + (end - start) / 1000d + " seconds");

    }

    @Test
    public void performanceTest() {
        System.out.println("------Test wildcardMatch---------");
        performanceTestWildcardMatch();
        System.out.println();
        System.out.println("------Test simpleWildcardMatch---------");
        performanceTestSimpleWildcardMatch();
    }
}

其中PerformanceTest方法分别对wildcardMatch喝simpleWildcardMatch进行了1000，5000，10000次重复运行Test Case比较，其中每个case包括38个匹配断言。下面是性能测试结果：

------Test wildcardMatch---------
Loop[1000] cost : 0.703 seconds
Loop[5000] cost : 2.547 seconds
Loop[10000] cost : 4.907 seconds

------Test simpleWildcardMatch---------
Loop[1000] cost : 0.094 seconds
Loop[5000] cost : 0.25 seconds
Loop[10000] cost : 0.484 seconds

我们可以看到，使用simpleWildCardMatch要比wildcardMatch方法快上一个数量级。所以如果有朋友有兴趣，建议使用只支持*号的simpleWildcardMatch。（当然了，实际应用中，这种性能差别其实对application影响并不大）

如果有网友有兴趣，可以尝试优化，或者提供更多的测试。

分享到：

基于生产-消费者模式的任务异步线程池设计 ... | 架构、框架、模式之轻松掌握设计模式（原型 ...

2009-07-10 10:36
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